Strong homogenization effects of shrubs on nematode communities across large spatial scales on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Climate change and shrub encroachment affect nematode biodiversity, although shrub species had different effects on below-ground community. Yet, the consequences of shrub species on the nematode beta diversity under future climate change scenarios remain insufficiently explored. Here, we studied the dominant shrub effects on the beta diversity of soil nematode communities along climate gradients on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We investigated soil nematode communities in 31 sites of alpine meadow ecosystems across a 1200 km × 1200 km area with widespread shrub on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We found that shrubs decreased the nematode beta diversity through decreasing the nestedness component at local and landscape scales. Leguminous shrubs had stronger effects on the nematode beta diversity than non-leguminous shrub types at landscape scale. MAP and MAT both significantly increased the negative shrub effects on the nematode beta diversity, but they remained constant for leguminous shrub. The pSEM analysis showed that shrubs had direct and indirect effects on nematode beta diversity via plant species turnover. Our results showed that shrub encroachment, particularly leguminous shrubs, leads to the homogenization of nematode communities. The “warming-wetting” trend will exacerbate shrub effects on the homogenization of nematode communities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Our study provides insight into the ecological processes that maintain soil biodiversity and biogeographic patterns of soil communities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".