The overwintering behaviour and physiology of Northern map turtles (Graptemys geographica) in Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Northern map turtles (Graptemys geographica) are a freshwater turtle species that spends months of the year overwintering submerged under ice.They are anoxia intolerant, making their ability to survive submerged without access to atmospheric oxygen physiologically impressive.Overwintering behaviour and physiology were examined to understand how this species survives the winter.Biologgers recorded locomotor activity, temperature, and depth throughout overwintering.Locomotor activity was continuous during the winter.The amount of movement differed between adult females, juvenile females, and adult males.Temperature preference for all groups was near 1°C and each moved progressively shallower as winter progressed.Respirometry was used to measure adult female standard metabolic rates at under-ice temperatures.Metabolism was lower at lower temperatures (i.e., 1°C versus 4°C), indicating considerable metabolic savings at 1°C.The behaviours observed likely reflect this species working to meet winter oxygen and energetic needs which differ based on size specific physiological needs.Bulté in particular for teaching me innumerable practical field skills and for his patience during our long excursions on the water.My appreciation extends to the members of the Cooke and MacMillan labs as well who created a friendly working environment and were always keen to offer their support virtually and in the field.I'd also like to thank the Queen's University Biology station for allowing me to use their research facilities to complete both projects associated with my data chapters.Finally, I would like to thank my family and my friends for the endless support and encouragement as I continue to pursue my academic endeavors.I am grateful for the opportunities and experiences I was fortunate enough to have during my time at Carleton University and look forward to carrying these with me into the future.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".