An Updated Catalog of Rayed Craters on Mars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Martian meteorites represent the only samples of Mars available for study in terrestrial laboratories. In addition to their crystallization and surface ejection ages, these samples provide a detailed understanding of the geochemistry of the martian crust. One of the major outstanding problems regarding martian meteorites is locating the exact source regions on Mars, although the composition and texture of these meteorites limits the source craters to mostly igneous provinces. To help find source craters, we present an updated global catalog of impact craters greater than 3 km diameter with thermally distinct radial patterns (“rays”), which could represent recent impact events. We defined search criteria for identifying rayed craters, assigning a confidence level to each crater, and noted the presence or absence of associated secondary craters. Using daytime and nighttime thermal infrared image data we identified 118 craters with thermally distinct radial patterns between ±60° latitude, of which 89 had not appeared in previous catalogs. We discuss some potential uses of this new catalog in terms of understanding the morphology, location, and composition of each crater. Our preliminary analysis demonstrates the potential future use of this catalog in finding the source location of martian meteorites in regions of sufficient thermal contrast.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".