Explanatory pathways linking anxiety sensitivity and alcohol (mis)use: A prospective state–trait analysis among emerging adults.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Alcohol use and related problems increase during adolescence and peak in early adulthood. Tension reduction theories suggest that those high in anxiety sensitivity (AS) may be at risk for misusing alcohol for its anxiolytic effects. Cognitive theories point to drinking motives and alcohol expectancies as explanatory mechanisms of this risk pathway. This study examined AS risk for prospective alcohol misuse, as explained by an unfolding cognitive process, among those transitioning out of Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEP, i.e., junior college equivalent in Quebec, Canada). We hypothesized that there would be trait-like (average levels over time), positive associations between AS, coping motives, tension-reduction alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use and problems, and that AS would lead to state-like (occasion-specific, reciprocal associations) bidirectional and positive associations between alcohol cognitions and outcomes. METHOD: = 193) completed three online questionnaires at 6-month intervals assessing AS, drinking motives (coping, enhancement), alcohol expectancies (tension reduction, sociability/liquid courage), and alcohol use/problems. State-trait modeling was used for hypothesis testing. RESULTS: Consistent with hypotheses, at the "trait" level, drinking motives and alcohol expectancies were positively associated, and drinking motives and sociability/liquid courage expectancies were positively associated with alcohol problems. At the "state" level, AS positively predicted coping motives and alcohol use, tension-reduction expectancies positively predicted coping motives, and coping motives and sociability/liquid courage expectancies positively predicted alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that AS is a risk factor for coping-motivated drinking, and that there is interplay between cognitions that may help understand emerging adult alcohol risk pathways. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".