Editorial: Lactate metabolism and regulation of the immune response
Bibliographic record
Abstract
lactate metabolism and regulation of the immune response It was our pleasure to have a chance to review several fascinating articles on the topic addressing the role of lactate metabolism in the immune response.This synopsis summarizes the main perspectives described within each of the accepted articles in this collection.In spite of the ground-braking discovery of Otto Heinrich Warburg in the 1920s, within the immune system research, the role of lactate has been overlooked for a long time.Nevertheless, with the better and detailed understanding of immunometabolism, the important regulatory role of lactate is being increasingly recognized.Lactate is currently perceived not only as an important biomarker but also as a critical energy source for mitochondrial respiration, a signaling molecule or even a precursor of other metabolic processes.Indeed, a strong emphasis has been given to dissecting the role of lactate in the tumor microenvironment and recently described the role of lactate in the regulation of long-term cellular reprogramming through a process called lactylation.The articles in this collection led further insights into these events.Chen et al. in their article entitled "Lactylation, a Novel Metabolic Reprogramming Code: Current Status and Prospects"summarizes the novel molecular mechanisms by which lactate regulates the actual and even long-term changes of cellular metabolism and energy control.The findings are interestingly discussed in the context with cancer progression and drug resistance.In particular, the article provides several important examples of how lactate fine-tunes the complexity of disease pathology by acting as a regulator of overall metabolism, immune reactions, and intercellular communication resulting in lactate-mediated reprogramming of immune cells and enhancement of cellular plasticity contributing to disease-specific immunity status.Manoharan et al. discussed lactate as an important signaling molecule.Their review "Lactate-Dependent Regulation of Immune Responses by Dendritic Cells and
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".