Profiles of 24‐hour Activity Cycle in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Does it Matter for Cognition?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with increased risk for dementia and is characterized by poorer cognitive performance. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep constitute the 24‐hour activity cycle (24‐HAC). Each of these share an inter‐dependent relationship with each other and are associated with cognitive health in older adults. It is unclear whether differences in the 24‐HAC profiles in older adults with MCI are associated with cognitive performance. Therefore, we examined whether older adults with MCI showed differences in cognitive performance based on profiles of 24‐HAC. Method A cross‐sectional analysis of 247 community‐dwelling older adults (aged 55+ years) with MCI (Montreal Cognitive Assessment <26). MotionWatch8© assessed 24‐HAC (5‐7 days) of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep duration and quality. We measured cognitive performance with composite z‐scores of executive function (verbal fluency test, digit span forward and backward), processing speed (trail making tests A and B), and memory (word recognition, word recall, and delayed recall). Latent profile analysis identified common profiles of the 24‐HAC. ANCOVAs compared cognitive performance between profiles, adjusted for age, biological sex, body mass index, and educational attainment. Result We identified four distinct profiles with acceptable fit (Table 2). Profile 1 (n = 84) showed balanced levels in the 24‐HAC and longer sleep duration. Profile 2 (n = 44) had below‐average physical activity, sleep duration and quality, and above‐average sedentary behaviour. Profile 3 (n = 37) showed the lowest physical activity levels, the highest sedentary behaviour, above‐average sleep duration and quality. Profile 4 (n = 71) had the highest physical activity, the lowest sedentary behaviour, and below‐average sleep duration and quality. ANCOVAs revealed a main effect of profile (p = 0.046) on processing speed (Table 3). Post‐hoc analysis (Estimated mean difference = 0.39, p = 0.036) showed that participants in Profile 1 demonstrated better performance (0.08 [95%CI ‐0.23; 0.39]) compared with participants in Profile 3 (‐0.31 [95%CI ‐0.68; 0.06]) (Table 3). No other statistically significant differences were noted. Conclusion Older adults with MCI appear to have four distinct 24‐HAC profiles. Balanced levels of 24‐HAC are associated with better processing speed compared with a less physically active, more sedentary, and lower sleep quality profile.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".