Benchmarking a fast and simple on-site detection assay for the oak wilt pathogen Bretziella fagacearum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oak wilt is a vascular disease of oak trees caused by the fungus Bretziella fagacearum . Once infected, trees may die in a few weeks. Although the disease is currently only found in the United States, it has been reported within just a few hundred meters of the Canada–USA border. To limit the establishment and spread of oak wilt in Canada, the development of an on-site, quick and reliable method to detect B. fagacearum is critical. In this study, we developed and validated a new qPCR TaqMan ® assay that can detect B. fagacearum in a laboratory setting with great specificity and sensitivity. Using this test as a reference, we also developed and validated a new DETECTR assay that can detect B. fagacearum under 1 h from a variety of environmental samples, such as mycelium mats and insect vectors, using minimal laboratory equipment. While there are still some limitations to the sensitivity of this assay, we believe that its ease of use, flexibility and accuracy will provide an essential tool in efforts to reduce the spread of oak wilt.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".