Chlorine isotope fractionation during metal-chloride complexation: Implications for metallogenic processes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ore-forming hydrothermal fluids transport metals in the Earth's crust by forming complex ionic and molecular species involving ligands such as Cl -, HS -, and OH - (Seward et al., 2014) [1]. The most important of these ligands is Cl -, which in HSAB theory is a borderline base that can be complexed with both hard and soft cations (metal ions). Thus, its behavior during complexation is of great importance for understanding metal mobilization by hydrothermal fluids (e.g., Williams-Jones and Migdisov, 2014[2]). In order to quantify the extent of chlorine isotope fractionation in hydrothermal fluids, we have investigated the behavior of aqueous Zn 2+ , Pd 2+ , Cu + , Ag + , Au + , Ni 2+ , Pb 2+ , Fe 2+ -chloride complexes at elevated temperature and pressure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".