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Record W4312391646 · doi:10.3176/oil.2006.4.01

CHINA’S OIL SHALE BUSINESS IS GOING AHEAD

2006· article· en· W4312391646 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
J Qian

Bibliographic record

VenueOil Shale · 2006
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnergy
TopicGlobal Energy and Sustainability Research
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsOil shaleChinaShale oilPetroleum engineeringBusinessGeologyGeographyPaleontologyArchaeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Because of world's high crude oil price, oil shale business is being paid more attention in China, just as in Estonia and in some other countries. Recently Chinese National Oil Shale Association was established in Fushun. Last year, Fushun shale oil plant under Fushun Bureau of Mines produced 180,000 tons shale oil; now the plant is building 20 Fushun-type retorts, so that it will operate totally 140 Fushun retorts in this year; daily processing capacity of each retort is 100 t oil shale, thus the yearly capacity of oil shale processing in Fushun will totally reach about 4.5 million tons. Due to the fact that in Fushun oil shale is the by-product of coal mining, the production cost of shale oil is low, about 1500 Chinese yuan per ton, while its selling price reaches 3000 yuan per ton, therefore the plant earns much money and is willing to expand its shale oil production. Fushun Bureau of Mines signed a contract with Krupp Co. and Canadian Taciuk to build an ATP retort, with the daily processing capacity of 6000 tons oil shale, the project was reviewed and passed by me, as the head of reviewing group, nominated by China's National Development Committee. Besides, Longkow Coal Mine, Shangdong Province, and Huadian, Jilin Province, are intended to build oil shale plants, each with the yearly production of 200,000 t shale oil. The projects are being reviewed.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.041
Threshold uncertainty score0.085

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0020.000
Scholarly communication0.0030.001
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0250.007

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.010
GPT teacher head0.248
Teacher spread0.238 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2006
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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