Nest box placement influences occupancy by Yellow-headed (Amazona oratrix) and White-fronted (Amazona albifrons) Parrots in the pine savannas of Belize
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Supplementation of nest boxes is a common practice to increase nesting opportunities for cavity nesters, such as psittacids (i.e., parrots), many of whom are species of conservation concern. However, understanding occupancy requirements of most psittacids remains an important challenge for effective conservation actions, including placement of nest boxes in the landscape. This study utilized logistic regression models to investigate factors that influence occupancy of nest boxes by two Amazon parrots in the lowland pine savannas of Belize. We performed combined and separate analyses of nest box occupancy by White-fronted (<em>Amazona albifrons</em>) and Yellow-headed Parrots (<em>Amazona oratrix</em>), in relation to understory cover, localized tree density, frontal visibility from the nest box entrance, tree height, tree canopy cover, nest box entrance orientation, and tree diameter at breast height. Overall, 60% of nest boxes were used by four species of Amazon parrots, with White-fronted and Yellow-headed Parrots accounting for majority of use; 27% and 28%, respectively. Tree height had a strong positive effect on nest box occupancy in the combined species analysis. Species-specific analysis revealed that Yellow-headed Parrots occupied nest boxes in taller trees, closer to previously successful nests, while White-fronted Parrots did not show strong preference for any measured characteristics. Our results demonstrate that these two species will utilize artificial nest boxes and specifically highlights the importance of selecting taller trees when installing nest boxes for use by Yellow-headed Parrots.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".