Spatial Variation of Soft Shell Clam Biochemical Health Status-Impacts on Age Pigments, Glucose and Melatonin Status
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clams are sessile organisms feeding at the sediment/water interface making them particularly at risk to urban/anthropogenic pollution. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the health impacts of wild clam populations at 2 harbors in the Saint-Lawrence Estuary and on site in Saguenay Fjord (Québec, Canada) a site known for Beluga whale high residency area. Health status was examined at tissue levels for selected metallic elements, oxidative stress, energy metabolism and circadian rhythms (serotonin and melatonin levels). The data revealed that clams collected at the fjord site (Beluga residency) were the most contaminated by Ag, Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni Pb, and Zn. The clams were physiologically older (age related pigments) showed signs of oxidative stress (peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation) at most of the polluted sites and were strongly correlated to most of the above elements/metals. There was an increase in glucose, esterase and ketone bodies indicative of lipid mobilization for energy. Moreover, glucose levels were significantly correlated with known hyperglycemic metals such as Cd and Pb. Based on melatonin to serotonin ratio, clams at the most polluted site in Saguenay fjord and one marina site had elevated ratio suggesting altered circadian rhythm and were seemingly out of phase to the normal tidal schedule in this area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".