A Novel One-Step Process to Fabricate Polymeric Thermal Ground Planes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel approach to make polymeric thermal ground planes (TGPs), which consist of flat heat pipes covering large surfaces. TGP are typically made of copper, which is not adapted to recent applications such as in-mold electronics, wearable technologies or embedded systems. We introduce the polymeric TGP as a thermal management solution for these emerging technologies, where the flexibility and compactness are major advantages. On one hand, polymers bring flexibility and compatibility with 3D geometries. On the other hand, it gives access to high volume manufacturing processes such as molding that reduce the cost. Our novel fabrication process for polymeric TGPs allows assembly and sealing in a single step, with in-situ filling. The fabricated TGP has an effective thermal conductivity of 150 W/m K which is within the range of literature for polymeric TGPs and heat pipes as it varies from 100 to 800 W/m K. Thus, the work that we are presenting shows that we can make a polymeric TGP with a one-step fabrication process that results in a low thermal budget and low-cost process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".