Sociopolitical influences on geographical judgments of locations and distances by Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots living in Cyprus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many non-geographic factors influence spatial judgments of real-world locations, which implies that spatial representations are not metrically veridical. We investigated the influence of social and ethnic factors on geographical judgments in the geopolitical context of Cyprus – an island divided since 1974 into the Turkish Cypriot and Greek Cypriot communities in the north and south, respectively. Participants from each community (249 Greek Cypriots, 322 Turkish Cypriots) indicated their familiarity with 19 towns (town knowledge task), and estimated the locations of those towns (location estimation task) and the straight-line distance between them (distance estimation task). In questionnaires, they also rated their attitudes toward the other community. Cypriots underestimated distances and contracted the relative locations of towns within the other community more so than within their own community. Moreover, Cypriots who were more willing to live together with Cypriots from the other community (i.e., perceiving less social distance) underestimated distances between towns, whereas those less willing to live together overestimated distances. The results support the notion that representations of global-scale environments have multi-faceted origins, which include social factors (e.g., ethnic identity, political attitudes) that are not usually associated with spatial representations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".