Organization of bovine lambda light chain genes on chromosome 17 (43.14)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Twenty five Vλ genes, seventeen being functional Vλ, corresponding to the three Vλ gene families were identified upon complete characterization and physical mapping of bovine λ-light chain locus on chromosome 17. The bovine λ-light chain locus spans 412 kbp where the Vλgenes are located 23.7 kbp 5’ of four Jλ-Cλ units. The Vλgenes are organized in three subclusters separated by two large introns (126.8 and 138.3 kbp). The predominantly expressed Vλ1 genes are present in the two 5’ sub-clusters, while most Jλ-proximal Vλ sub-cluster comprises rarely expressed Vλ2 and Vλ3 genes. The Jλ3-Cλ3 unit was found predominantly expressed, though Jλ2 and Jλ3 have identical recombination signal sequences (RSS). The Cλ1 and Cλ4 are pseudogenes and their Jλ-Cλ units are not expressed. Endogenous counter selection for Jλ2 encoded CDR3 and framework 4 regions are likely the cause for the predominant expression of Jλ3-Cλ3 genes over Jλ2-Cλ2. The preferential expression of Vλ1 genes in the bovine Immunoglobulin repertoire seems to be influenced by the composition of RSSs. Polymorphism at the λ-light chain locus is responsible for differences in the genomic complexity between Hereford and Holstein cattle. Despite more potential germline encoded combinatorial diversity, the λ-light chain repertoire in cattle is predominantly encoded by Vλ1- Jλ3-Cλ3 recombinations. (Supported by NSERC Canada)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".