EFFECTIVE NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF EARLY OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL — A PROSPECTIVE SINGLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease of joints presenting with pain, swelling, stiffness, crepitus, deformation and limitation of function. There are both conservative and surgical modes of treatment for OA. This study is done to compare the therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular ozone, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and 25% dextrose in the treatment of OA of the knee joint in early stages. Methods: A total of 120 patients with symptomatic Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 and 3 of knee OA were studied. They were randomized into three groups and each group received three doses of intra-articular injections of either ozone or PRP or 25% dextrose at intervals of 2 weeks. Patients were advised physiotherapy and analgesics were avoided. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Visual Analog Score for pain were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes for 6 months. Results: Ozone provided significant relief from pain and improved functionality but was short-lived. PRP and 25% dextrose results were slower initially but gave better results for a longer duration. Conclusion: Conservative treatment with intra-articular injections has promising results in the treatment of OA. This can be used in patients who are not willing or not fit for surgery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".