Impact of Music Therapy on Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Control Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Currently, music therapy interventions in stroke rehabilitation have begun to diversify. This study observed the effect of music therapy on cognitive function in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods 42 patients diagnosed with PSCI were randomly selected and divided into the conventional rehabilitation (CR) group (N = 18) and the music therapy (MT) group (N = 24), both the CR group and the MT group were given conventional medication and cognitive rehabilitation, while the MT group was given additional music therapy cognitive training for a total of 8 weeks. Patients' cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA). The degree of neurological deficits, motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed by National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer assessment scale (FMA) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI). All those assessments were tested at the baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after the intervention. Results At 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention, the MT group had higher increases in MMSE, MoCA, and LOTCA scores than the CR group (p < 0.05). At 4 weeks after the intervention, there was no statistical difference in the increase of NIHSS, MBI, and FMA scores between the two groups. At 8 weeks after the intervention, the increase of FMA score was higher in the MT group than in the CR group, but there was no statistical difference in the increase of NIHSS and MBI scores between the two groups. Conclusions Music therapy combined with cognitive rehabilitation was significantly more effective than conventional rehabilitation in restoring cognitive function in patients with PSCI, but the 8-week music therapy intervention did not have a significant advantage in improving neurological deficits, ADL and motor function. In addition, music therapy can improve the cognitive domains of verbal fluency, attention, visual perception, spatial perception, and thought operations in patients with PSCI. Trial registration: The registration number of the clinical trial is ChiCTR2000040612. Registration date: 03/12/2020.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".