<i>In vivo</i> serotonin 1A receptor hippocampal binding potential in depression and reported childhood adversity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Reported childhood adversity (CA) is associated with development of depression in adulthood and predicts a more severe course of illness. Although elevated serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT 1A R) binding potential, especially in the raphe nuclei, has been shown to be a trait associated with major depression, we did not replicate this finding in an independent sample using the partial agonist positron emission tomography tracer [ 11 C]CUMI-101. Evidence suggests that CA can induce long-lasting changes in expression of 5-HT 1A R, and thus, a history of CA may explain the disparate findings. Methods Following up on our initial report, 28 unmedicated participants in a current depressive episode (bipolar n = 16, unipolar n = 12) and 19 non-depressed healthy volunteers (HVs) underwent [ 11 C]CUMI-101 imaging to quantify 5-HT 1A R binding potential. Participants in a depressive episode were stratified into mild/moderate and severe CA groups via the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. We hypothesized higher hippocampal and raphe nuclei 5-HT 1A R with severe CA compared with mild/moderate CA and HVs. Results There was a group-by-region effect ( p = 0.011) when considering HV, depressive episode mild/moderate CA, and depressive episode severe CA groups, driven by significantly higher hippocampal 5-HT 1A R binding potential in participants in a depressive episode with severe CA relative to HVs ( p = 0.019). Contrary to our hypothesis, no significant binding potential differences were detected in the raphe nuclei ( p -value s > 0.05). Conclusions With replication in larger samples, elevated hippocampal 5-HT 1A R binding potential may serve as a promising biomarker through which to investigate the neurobiological link between CA and depression.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".