Clinical effectiveness and safety of shock wave therapy in patients with stable angina
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim. To study the effects of cardiologic shock wave therapy (SWT) on the clinical manifestations of effort angina (EF) and left ventricular (LV) myocardial contractility, as well as to investigate the safety of SWT, as a part of combined therapy, in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Material and methods. The study included 40 patients, aged 44-75 years, with the diagnosis of CHD, Functional Class (FC) II-III stable EF (Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification). The participants were randomised into two groups. The main group (MG; n=20) received standard pharmaceutical therapy (PT) and SWT, while the control group (CG; n=20) received PT only. Before and after the SWT course, questionnaire survey, clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG) at rest, treadmill stress test, echocardiography (EchoCG), stressEchoCG, and measurement of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and MB-CPK levels were performed. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed by the SF-36 scale. All patients were given self-control diaries, to record blood pressure (BP) levels, angina attack incidence, and any adverse effects. The SWT course included 9 procedures (3 procedures with one-day intervals in Weeks 1, 5, and 9), using the “Cardiospec” system. Results. The SWT therapy was associated with an 8-fold reduction in nitrate doses (a significant difference with the CG). The angina attack incidence significantly reduced, from 7 to 1 per week. In the stress test, the exercise capacity and test time increased by 28% and 20%, respectively, in MG patients with CHD, FC II-III EA. The mean FC changed from II to I. There was a two-fold reduction in the size of hypokinetic myocardial zones, and a significant decrease in local dyskinesia index (-7%). In the MG, QoL substantially improved. The SWT course did not affect impulse generation and conduction in myocardium, as well as CPK and CPK-MB levels. Conclusion. SWT is a safe therapeutic method, improving myocardial perfusion, physical stress tolerability, QoL, and reducing angina attack incidence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".