Risk Factors Causing Unintentional Home Injuries in Children Under 5 Years of Age Presenting to Emergency Department of Ziauddin University Hospital
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To determine the predisposing factors contributing to unintentional home injuries in children under 5 years of age presenting to Emergency department of Ziauddin medical university and hospital, Karachi Place and duration of study: The study is conducted at Department of Emergency, Ziauddin Medical University and Hospital, Karachi And the duration of study is 13th October 2019 To 12th April 2020. It is a cross-sectional study design having having 200 patients, in which non-probability consecutive sampling technique is used. Material and Method: There were 200 patients in total with Injuries that happened at home environment. Mothers participated in an interview. After each child received the recommended care, data were gathered.Calculated descriptive statistics were used. Stratification was used to manage effect modifiers. The chi-square test was used after stratification. P-values lower than 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: There were 46% male and 54% female patients. Mean age was 35.02±13.79 months. Most of the children were injured >3 times in last one month. 57% patients were found with injury due to falling down while most of the injuries (32.5%) were occurred at stairs. In our study, 39% of children caused injury due to lack of care, 11.5% due to availability of hazardous material and 49.5% due to unsafe home environment. Practical implications: From the standpoint of injury prevention, this study suggests that the risk of non-fatal injury in children under the age of five is complicated and multidimensional, and that effective prevention measures must target numerous components. To effectively increase children's comprehension of the safety issue and lower their risk of hazard, health care providers, parents, or both should design alternative strategic teaching methods. Conclusion: Most prevalent cause of injury was falling down. 39% children injured due to lack of care, 11.5% due to availability of hazardous material and 49.5% due to unsafe home environment. Keywords: Unintentional Home injuries, Children, predisposing factors, falling down, Injuries
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".