SV1DUR: A Real-Time MIL-STD-1553 Bus Simulator with Flight Subsystems for Cyber-Attack Modeling and Assessments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MIL-STD-1553 is a widely used communications protocol in the military aircraft for many North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries. The Department of Defence designed this protocol before the advent of cybersecurity, making it an easy target for malicious actors. Researchers have been working to find affordable ways to secure the communications bus using non-invasive means such as the addition of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Many of the researched IDS systems are calibrated using small-scale datasets which do not provide sufficient training data for complex IDS systems or use proprietary hardware systems that restrict access to researchers with strong financial incentive to perform this research. Other attempts to address this accessibility gap have produced slow and inaccurate simulations at both the bus level, and the terminal level. We propose a real-time MIL-STD-1553 bus simulator. The proposed simulator will be capable of replicating correct timing for message passing and response as well as supplying an extensible framework for building in custom attacks, schedules, and terminals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".