Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis and Expression Pattern Profiling of the Aquaporin Family Genes in Leuciscus waleckii
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aquaporin (Aqp) is a transmembrane-specific channel for small molecules that help in regulating homeostasis in fishes when adapting to changing environments, but its role in Amur ide’s response to alkaline stress is yet to be revealed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the response of the Aqp gene exposed to alkaline water in Amur ide (Leuciscus waleckii) using a genome-transcriptional assay. Based on the results, we classified the Aqps of the L. waleckii (LwAqps) genome and analyzed its transcriptional expression profile and genetic evolution under carbonate alkalinity stress. A total of 18 Aqp genes were identified in four grades in L. waleckii. The highest Aqp gene expression was found in the gill and kidney of L. waleckii from the Wusuli River (WSL) in comparison to those in the Dali Lake (DL), whereas aqp3a, -3ap1, -7, and -9a expressions were found at intensively higher levels in the gill rather than in the kidneys and livers. The experiment of L. waleckii under alkalinity stress (carbonate alkalinity 50 mmol·L−1) and its recovery showed that the expressions of aqp0a, -3a, -3ap1, -7, -8aa, and -9a were upregulated in alkaline water and downregulated in freshwater. We identified 1460 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the Aqp genes. The average value of Fst of SNP markers in the CDS region was 0.177 ± 0.256, and the first 5% SNPs were identified at aqp3a and -11b. Residue Ser66 does not bring about an overall change in the three-dimensional structure of Aqp3a, but may change the penetration of solutes across the membrane. This indicates that Aqp genes are involved in the response of L. waleckii to alkaline stress, and aqp3a is one of the key genes involved in regulating L. waleckii’s adaptation to alkaline environments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".