Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present an revised table of 390 Galactic radio supernova remnants (SNRs) and their basic parameters. Statistical analyses are performed on SNR diameters, ages, spectral indices, Galactic heights and spherical symmetries. Furthermore, the accuracy of distances estimated using the $Σ$-D relation is examined. The arithmetic mean of the Galactic SNR diameters is $30.5$ pc with standard error $1.7$ pc and standard deviation $25.4$ pc. The geometric mean and geometric standard deviation factor of Galactic SNR diameters is $21.9$ pc and $2.4$, respectively. We estimate ages of 97 SNRs and find that the supernova (SN) birth rate to be lower than, but within $2σ$ of currently accepted values for SN birth rate. The mean spectral index of shell-type SNRs is $-0.51 \pm 0.01$ and no correlations are found between spectral indices and the SNR parameters of molecular cloud (MC) association, SN type, diameter, Galactic height and surface brightness. The Galactic height distribution of SNRs is best described by an exponential distribution with a scale height of $48 \pm 4$ pc. The spherical symmetry measured by the ovality of radio SNRs is not correlated to any other SNR parameters considered here or to explosion type.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".