Low-cost triboelectric nanogenerator based on aseptic carton package
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are efficient systems that convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. Based on contact electrification, an emerging powerful tool in energy harvesting technologies, most TENGs are constructed using expensive materials (e.g. gold and platinum) and costly processes. Aseptic carton packages (ACP) are plastic-laminated materials basically composed of paperboard, polyethylene and aluminum, but having all parts required for a TENG device: dielectric inductor and metal. Using the concept implicit in the triboelectric series where hydrophilic materials acquire a positive net charge while hydrophobic ones develop negative net charge upon contact, ACP was used as the main component of a sandwich-type triboelectric nanogenerator (ACP-TENG). Electrostatic potential mapping confirmed that pristine polyethylene is a negative charge inductor while after its oxidation develops an excess positive charge. Potentials as high as 200 V are reached with ACP-TENG during mechanical loads, charging a 10 μF capacitor to 3.5 V in less than 10 min. Continuous open-circuit voltage of roughly 80 V is developed under pressure-relaxation cycles at 1.8 Hz, reaching an output peak current of ∼400 nA. The efficiency of ACP-TENG is comparable to nanoengineered devices, but costing only a fraction of them. We believe that the ACP-TENG reported here is a reliable way to construct low-cost energy harvesting devices and it can be used as an environmentally friendly destination/solution for food packaging.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it