AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION IN A WELDER FOLLOWING MANGANESE TOXICITY: A CASE REPORT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Manganese induced autonomic dysfunction is one of the chronic debilitating entities known to be seen primarily in welders exposed to fumes at work place. Welders absorb these fumes via inhalational route. Manganese in these fumes gets deposited in the basal ganglia and cause neuronal loss predominantly in Globus Pallidus. Unfortunately, it is under diagnosed due to lack of awareness of the disease. Though path breaking researches have been carried out in the field of Parkinson’s disease (being main differential diagnosis of manganese toxicity), still very few advancements in the management of manganese toxicity is seen and only supportive therapy is helpful. Primarily, this autonomic dysfunction does not or poorly respond to levodopa which is a characteristic distinguishing factor from Parkinsonism. Case: We are describing a case of a 50-years male presenting with complaints of slowness in the movement, gait instability with frequent falls. The patient has had persistent orthostatic hypotension. He had no significant family history and his work up showed no other cause of autonomic dysfunction. The patient had poor response to Levodopa. He had been exposed to welding fumes for 25 years. His MRI showed non-specific demyelination foci while SPECT scan was normal. The patient was diagnosed with occupational manganese toxicity based on history and Canadian consensus guidelines. The patient improved with oral fludrocortisone and bilateral lower limb elastic stockings. Conclusion: Large scale promotion on the use of Personal Protective equipment (PPE) is required. Early intervention in these cases could save the patient from detrimental effect, decrease social economic burden and make better health related quality of life as only supportive care can be given once diagnosed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".