Kinetic Behavior of the Nonisothermal Crystallization of Highly Refracted Glass Microspheres
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The SiO 2 –TiO 2 –BaO (STB) system glasses were prepared by the melt-quenching technique. The crystallization kinetics of the STB glasses were studied by the kinetic modeling of Kissinger and Augis–Bennett equations in combination with complementary characterization methods such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR, and Raman. The crystallization of Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 was observed during the heat treatment process. The crystallization activation energy of Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 is E p = 207.64 kJ/mol. The average crystallization index is n = 1.14, suggesting a mechanism of surface nucleation in one-dimensional space. Glass microspheres (GMSs) made from the given STB glasses are prone to crystallization during the spheroidization process, and the consequent surface nucleation reduced the brightness of GMSs. By adjusting the spheroidization from 2 to 0.8 s, the brightness increased from 52 to 63 cd*1 x –1 m –2 . In addition, it was found that the higher BaO content of the STB glasses facilitated the observed surface nucleation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".