Detection and description of four Vespa mandarinia (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) nests in western North America
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vespa mandarinia Smith 1852 is a semi-specialized predator of other social Hymenoptera and one of the two largest species of Vespa . Several individuals of this predatory wasp were detected in Canada and the United States in 2019, including an entire nest that was located and destroyed on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The Washington State Department of Agriculture and the United States Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service have collaborated to survey Washington State for V. mandarinia since 2020, using traps staffed by agency personnel, collaborators from local governments and nongovernmental organizations, and the general public. Trap data and public reports were used to select sites for live-trapping or net surveys, and live hornets captured in these efforts were subsequently collected and fitted with radio tags to locate nests. The survey ultimately led to the discovery of a V. mandarinia nest in October 2020, and three nests in August and September 2021. All of the nests were located within in red alder trees ( Alnus rubra ), with one just above the ground in a standing dead tree, and the other three in cavities ~2 to 5 meters above the ground in living trees. The number of combs in each nest varied between four and ten, cells between 418 and 1,329, and total hornets per nest between 449 and 1,474 (including immature and mature stages). Together, the four nests indicate an incipient population of V. mandarinia in the Cascadia region, and ongoing action by local, state, provincial, and federal governments, and residents of both countries is required to avoid the establishment of this exotic species in the region.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it