Use of the Aquatic Mayfly (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) as Environmental Bio-Indicator in Jordan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, aquatic mayflies from several wadis in Jordan are studied on their potential use as environmental indicators.Nine species of mayfly were observed in the studied wadis, encompassing Baetis monnerati, Cheleocloeon soldani, Cloeon vanharteni, Cloeon gr simile, Baetis pacis, Nigrobaetis vuatazi, Choroterpes ortali, Caenis antoniae, and Caenis macrura.Among Baetidae species, Baetis monnerati was more abundant and seems to be the most tolerant species to pollution.In addition, it tolerates water salinities of up to reach 1.000 µS/cm.Contrastingly, Baetis pacis was also observed to be the most intolerant species to pollution.The species survives in very good freshwater quality that makes it a perfect indicator of very clean water.Cloeon vanharteni live in brackish lentic habitat with dense vegetation.This species was found together with Cloeon gr simile.Both can tolerate salty water, with salinities of up to 16.000 µS/cm and tolerate in addition, organically polluted water.Furthermore, Choroterpes ortali was found to colonize slightly saline, mineralized and polluted water like Nigrobaetis vuatazi and Cheleocloeon soldani.Caenis macrura indicates clean to moderate polluted while Caenis antoniae is less pollution-tolerant, and only found in clean to weakly polluted environments.The study concludes that Baetidae mayflies can serve as powerful indicators of the environmental conditions than other mayfly families in Jordan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".