A199 BIOFILMS IN THE APPENDIX AND OTHER NON-INFLAMED SECTIONS OF THE COLON IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Biofilms, aggregated bacteria colonizing the extracellular polymeric substances matrix, are associated with the mucosa of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients with some studies showing a mean density of the mucosal biofilms 2-fold higher in IBD patients than in controls. The appendix, which is a highly immune organ, seems to be involved in IBD pathogenesis. Purpose In this study we aimed to evaluate biofilms in the appendix and other non-inflamed regions of the colon in pediatric IBD patients. We hypothesized that biofilms composed of pathobionts in these sections could drive inflammation in IBD patients. Method Tissues from the appendix, peri-appendicular region, cecum, and ascending colon (ASC), collected from the resected colons of 9 pediatric IBD patients and one pediatric non-IBD patient, preserved in methanol Carnoy’s solution were processed and paraffin embedded. Combined fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for biofilms (probe: EUB338) and immunofluorescence (IF) mucin staining (MUC2) identified biofilms and their location. Biofilm formation capacity of culturable bacteria (identified through 16S DNA Sanger sequencing) from these sections was measured. Interleukin (IL)-8 (pro-inflammatory chemokine) and IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine) expressions were assessed by tissue qPCR. Result(s) FISH demonstrated biofilms in these sections, in close proximity to epithelial cells. We used a biofilm formation assay to assess the ability of the identified bacteria from these sections to form biofilms, illustrating their potential to colonize and evade host defense and potential antibiotics. We found that Enterococcus avium has a significantly higher ability to form biofilms than the negative control. IL-8 and IL-10 both had the highest expression level in the appendix and peri-appendicular region and the lowest in the ASC among all the patients, suggesting an active immune response. Mechanistic experiments are in progress to investigate the type of bacteria involved in the biofilms and their effects on the gut barrier integrity. Conclusion(s) Biofilms adjacent to the epithelium, especially in the appendix and peri-appendix, could interact with or invade epithelial cells. The elevated chemokine transcript level in the appendix could reflect the recruitment of immune cells to this section following bacterial invasion, resulting in the activation of the immune system. Identifying the bacteria involved in the biofilms and clarifying their characteristics will aid us in developing novel microbe-altering treatment strategies or personalized medicine. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".