A231 THE FLAVANOID CYANIDIN REDUCES INTESTINAL INFLAMMATORY DAMAGE BY MAINTAINING INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Since the discovery and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI), the incidence of gastric ulcers has reduced, however, there has been an increase in intestinal lesions since PPIs do not guarantee protection to the intestine. To protect the deeper layers of the intestinal wall, the intestinal barrier tightly regulates the passage of pro-inflammatory molecules, microorganisms, toxins, and antigens. The epithelium is damaged during intestinal inflammation due to the action of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF resulting in ulceration. Cyanidin is a flavonoid of the anthocyanin class, found in several red fruits, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Purpose We hypothesized that the administration of cyanidin can decrease the deleterious effects caused by polypharmacy (PPI + NSAID) in the small intestine by reducing intestinal permeability. Method In vivo: Male mice (8 weeks old) were treated to induce intestinal ulcers caused by polypharmacy (combination of PPI - lansoprazole 20 mg/kg daily, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) - acetylsalicylic acid 10 mg/kg daily and COX-2 selective NSAID, celecoxib 20 mg/kg daily). On the ninth day, oral treatment with cyanidin (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was started until the fourteenth day, then the animals were killed for parameter analysis lesion. ELISA was performed to quantify interleukins (IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β) and cytokine (TNF), and we assessed the antioxidant profile (SOD, CAT, and GSH) and measured gene expression of TNF, IL-10, IL-6 TRL-4, HMOX-1, MMP 2 and 9, COX-1, MUC-3, ZO-1, CL-1. In vitro: Monolayers of colonic epithelial cell lines (Caco-2 at 21 days of confluence) were mounted in Ussing chambers to assess barrier function and to determine transepithelial resistance (TER). To analyze the permeability response to injury, we utilized TNF and IFN (25 ng/mL) with cyanidin (10 or 100 uM) for 48 h in transwell plates, with measurement of total intestinal permeability using 4 kD FITC-dextran. Result(s) Analysis of mouse intestine indicated that cyanidin (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced expression of IL-6 and TNF, TLR4, and HMOX-1 (p<0.05), and increased gene expression of MUC-3, CL-1, occludin, COX-1, and IL-10 (p<0.05) without altering antioxidant parameters. Cyanidin (100 mM) maintained barrier function as shown by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), and also significantly reversed the detrimental effects of the inflammatory cytokine on FITC-dextran flux in Caco-2 cells (p<0.05). This may be related to the increased expression of occludin and ZO-1 in the intestinal epithelium of mice. Conclusion(s) These in vivo and in vitro results suggest that cyanidin decreases the polypharmacy-induced intestinal inflammatory response while maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. Other trials are underway to elucidate these mechanisms. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding; NSERC; FAPESP Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".