Later Gestational Age Abortion in Canada: A Scoping Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the decriminalization of abortion in Canada in 1988, there have been no legal restrictions on when in pregnancy an abortion can take place. However, abortion care is only consistently available in Canada up to 23 weeks and 6 days; women, transgender men, and gender non-binary individuals who need abortion care after 24 weeks typically obtain services in the United States. Furthermore, abortion care beyond 16 weeks is unavailable in some regions of the country. The authors undertook this scoping review to explore what is currently known about later gestational age abortion in Canada. Using a six-stage framework, they identified 32 relevant sources that were published in the last 30 years, and they consulted with seven topic experts to validate the findings from our document synthesis. The limited body of literature on abortion after 16 weeks in Canada sheds light on the safety of both medical and instrumentation procedures, the type and training of abortion-providing clinicians, the characteristics of those obtaining abortion care after the first trimester, and geographic disparities in service availability. These topic experts emphasized the need for future research on patient experiences and developing and implementing strategies to help provinces and territories expand abortion care to later gestational ages and improve comprehensive reproductive health services.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".