Structural transformation and anomalous diffusion in network forming liquid GeO<sub>2</sub>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we simulated the structural transformation and self-diffusion mechanism in liquid GeO 2 oxide system. Under compression, structure of liquid GeO 2 model tends to transform gradually from low-density phase to high-density phase. Concentration of basic structural units can be determined via density of material model. The average Ge–O bond distance in GeO 4 tetrahedra is smaller than the ones in GeO 5 pentahedra and GeO 6 octahedra. Each GeO x polyhedron always exists a Ge–O bond with the longest length (the weakest bond). The diffusion mechanism in liquid GeO 2 oxide system is via breaking the weakest bonds that accompany the change local coordination environment of Ge cations. The longest Ge–O bond in a GeO 5 pentahedron is very weak in comparison to the one in other polyhedra. The diffusivity is significantly dependent on the number of GeO 5 pentahedra. The increase of GeO 5 under compression is the origin of anomalous diffusion in liquid GeO 2 oxide. The increase of average Ge–O bond distance under compression is also clarified in this work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".