Neofunctionalization of tandem duplicate genes encoding putative β-L-arabinofuranosidases in Arabidopsis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tandem duplication, one of the major types of duplication, provides the raw material for the evolution of divergent functions. In this study, we identified 1 pair of tandem duplicate genes (AT5G12950 and AT5G12960) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that originated within the last 16 million years after the split of Arabidopsis from the Capsella-Boechera ancestor. We systematically used bioinformatic tools to redefine their putative biochemical function as β-L-arabinofuranosidases that release L-Arabinose from the β-L-Araf-containing molecules in Arabidopsis. Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analyses using various datasets showed divergent expression patterns among tissues between the 2 duplicate genes. We further collected phenotypic data from 2 types of measurements to indicate that AT5G12950 and AT5G12960 have different roles resulting in divergent phenotypic effects. Overall, AT5G12950 and AT5G12960 represent putative β-L-arabinofuranosidase encoding genes in Arabidopsis. After duplication, 1 duplicate copy developed diverged biological functions and contributed to a different phenotypic evolution in Arabidopsis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".