Biomass, carbohydrate, and leakage conductance in buds of six ornamental tree species subjected to a "false spring" in Northeast China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Information is highly scarce about the possible effect of a late spring frost on physiological response of buds in ornamental trees. In this study, spring temperature of Changchun at Northeast China was recorded to identify the characteristics of a false spring by detecting extraordinary warming and sudden freeze in early April of 2017. Buds of six local ornamental tree species were investigated for their dynamics in biomass, non-structural carbohydrates, frost resistance on days of 7, 14, 21, and 28 April 2017. According to a comparison with spring temperature records historically from 2007 to 2016, a false spring was determined. Black pine (Pinus tabuliformis var. mukdensis) had greater bud biomass than apricot (Prunus sibirica L.). Peach (Prunus persica L. var. persica f. rubro-plena Schneid.) reserved greater non-structural carbohydrate content in post-chilling buds than black pine, and apricot and willow (Salix babylonica L.) had greater soluble sugars and starch contents in buds, respectively. Cumulative number of days with temperature below 12°C had a negative relationship with relative conductance in sorbus (Sorbus pohuashanensis [Hance] Hedl.). Chokecherry (Padus virginiana 'Canada Red') had greatest bud starch content on 21 April. Overall, a late spring frost imposed interruption on carbohydrate metabolism rather than direct damage on buds of ornamental trees before late April. Advanced warming induced more pronounced negative impact of a false spring than the sudden decline of minimum temperature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".