Impact of natural melanin doping on the structural, optical and dielectric characteristics of the PVP/CMC blend
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Undoped and doped polyvinyl pyrrolidone/ carboxymethyl cellulose (PVP/CMC: 50/50%) blended polymers with melanin were formed.X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of all blends.Scanning electron microscopy results confirmed the smooth and homogeneous surface of the undoped and doped PVP/CMC blend with melanin.The optical parameters and fluorescence spectra of the PVP/CMC blend were investigated as functions of melanin content.The direct optical band gap (E g ) for the used melanin is 2.86 eV.The direct and indirect E g values for the PVP/CMC blend are 5.1 and (4.9, 3.2) eV, respectively.The direct and indirect E g values were reduced to (4.5, 3.23) and (2.2, 1.33) eV as the amount of melanin became 3 wt % in the doped blend.The effect of melanin doping on the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC conductivity, complex impedance, Nyquist plot of the complex impedance, and electric modulus of the PVP/CMC blend was also studied.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".