Data from Profiling of Chemonaive Osteosarcoma and Paired-Normal Cells Identifies EBF2 as a Mediator of Osteoprotegerin Inhibition to Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand–Induced Apoptosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Purpose: Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent bone tumor in children and adolescents. At present, the mechanisms of initiation, maintenance, and metastasis are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to identify relevant molecular targets in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Experimental Design: Tumor chemonaive osteoblastic populations and paired control normal osteoblasts were isolated and characterized phenotypically from seven osteosarcoma patients. Global transcriptomic profiling was analyzed by robust microarray analysis. Candidate genes were confirmed by real-time PCR and organized in molecular pathways. EBF2 and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels were determined by real-time PCR and OPG protein levels were assessed by ELISA. Immunohistochemical analysis was done in a panel of 46 osteosarcoma samples. Silencing of EBF2 was achieved by lentiviral transduction of short hairpin RNA. Apoptosis was determined by caspase-3/7 activity. Results: A robust clustered transcriptomic signature was obtained in osteosarcoma. Transcription factor EBF2, a known functional bone regulator, was among the most significantly overexpressed genes. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that osteosarcoma is expressed in ∼70% of tumors analyzed. Because EBF2 was shown previously to act as a transcriptional activator of OPG, elevated levels of EBF2 were associated with high OPG protein levels in osteosarcoma samples compared with normal osteoblastic cells. Knockdown of EBF2 led to stunted abrogation of OPG levels and increased sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)–induced apoptosis. Conclusions: These findings suggest that EBF2 represents a novel marker of osteosarcoma. EBF2 up-regulation may be one of the mechanisms involved in the high levels of OPG in osteosarcoma, contributing to decrease TRAIL-induced apoptosis and leading to TRAIL resistance. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(16):5082–91)
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".