Five‐Year Hospital Readmission After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and the Association With Off‐Pump Surgery and Sex
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Limited data exist on long‐term readmission and its association with patient and procedural characteristics after coronary artery bypass grafting. We aimed to investigate 5‐year readmission after coronary artery bypass grafting and specifically focus on the role of sex and off‐pump surgery. Methods and Results We performed a post hoc analysis of the CORONARY (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [CABG] Off or On Pump Revascularization) trial, involving 4623 patients. The primary outcome was all‐cause readmission, and the secondary outcome was cardiac readmission. Cox models were used to investigate the association of outcomes with sex and off‐pump surgery. Hazard function for sex was studied over time using a flexible, fully parametric model, and time‐segmented analyses were performed accordingly. Rho coefficient was calculated for the correlation between readmission and long‐term mortality. Median follow‐up was 4.4 years (interquartile range, 2.9–5.4 years). The cumulative incidence rates of all‐cause and cardiac readmission were 29.4% and 8.2% at 5 years, respectively. Off‐pump surgery was not associated with either all‐cause or cardiac readmission. The hazard for all‐cause readmission in women over time was constantly higher than the hazard for men (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21 [95% CI, 1.04–1.40]; P =0.011). Time‐segmented analyses confirmed the higher risk for all‐cause (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.05–1.40]; P <0.001) and cardiac (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.03–1.69]; P =0.033) readmission in women after the first 3 years of follow‐up. All‐cause readmission was strongly correlated with long‐term all‐cause mortality (Rho, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.48–0.66]), whereas cardiac readmission was strongly correlated with long‐term cardiovascular mortality (Rho, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.13–0.86]). Conclusions Readmission rates are substantial at 5 years after coronary artery bypass grafting and are higher in women but not with off‐pump surgery. Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ ; Unique identifier: NCT00463294.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".