Characteristics of solid–liquid phase transformation of saturated coral sand subjected to various patterns of cyclic loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study conducts a series of undrained cyclic shear tests on saturated coral sand with different initial relative densities ( D r ) subjected to a 90° jump rotation of the principal stress with various initial orientations. Considering liquefiable coral sand as a fluid, an important finding is that the variation in the apparent viscosity with the number of cycles is significantly affected by D r , the effective mean principal stress ( [Formula: see text] ), cyclic stress ratio, cyclic loading path, and cyclic loading frequency. The average flow coefficient (κ) is introduced to describe the fluidity of saturated coral sand under cyclic loading by considering the variation in the shape of the stress–strain rate curve. A positive exponential correlation is observed between κ and the excess pore water pressure (EPWP) ratio ( r u ) under the given cyclic loading modes. Another significant finding is that the solid–liquid phase change time is the turning point of the apparent viscosity and the average flow coefficient gradients with r u . The inversion point’s EPWP ratio is approximately 0.9, defined as the EPWP ratio during the solid–liquid phase transformation ( r uth ). The r uth value is not affected by cyclic loading mode, [Formula: see text] , and D r .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".