Evaluating the effect of PCM insulation packaging design on the thermal protection performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The thermal insulation layer in packaging plays a vital role in thermal protection during food transportation and storage. One of the promising materials applied for insulation is phase change material (PCM) due to its high heat capacity. So, PCM-based insulation can provide almost a constant temperature for a considerable amount of time. However, when PCM is in liquid form, natural convection can shape which affects the heat transfer rate, and consequently, its performance. So, the configuration of PCM is a characteristic factor in increasing the thermal protection time which is evaluated in this paper. For this reason, different designs of PCM insulation with the same amount of PCM are numerically investigated in terms of melting time. It is stated that the bottom part of the PCM-based insulation layer melts faster due to heat penetration caused by free convection. Also, the circular shape provides almost 35% and 15% more protection time than the triangular and square models, respectively, which are supposed to be considered in thermal insulation packaging design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".