Achievement of the ABC goal among Canadians with type 2 diabetes and the influence of physical activity: data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Achieving the three therapeutics targets known as ABC (A1c ≤ 7.0%, LDL-C < 2.0 mmol/L, and resting BP < 130/80 mmHg), limiting sedentary behaviors as well as accumulating a total of 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals. However, more recent data regarding the achievement of ABC over time in Canada is needed and it remains to be determined how sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels can influence its achievement. Analyses were performed using a total of 17 582 individuals (18–79 years) from the 2007–2017 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels were estimated using an accelerometer for a total of 7 consecutive days and quartiles of physical activity were used to categorize individuals. The prevalence of T2D has increased from 2007 to 2017 in the Canadian population (from 4.80% to 8.38%) with a considerable number of undiagnosed patients. The achievement of ABC went from 11.53% [11.49%–11.57%] in 2007 to 14.84% [14.80%–14.89%] in 2017 in T2D individuals. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels were positively but weakly correlated to the achievement of the ABC ( r = 0.044; p = 0.001), while sedentary time and light physical activity were not ( r < −0.014; p = 0.266). Only 8.8% of individuals with the lowest level of MVPA (Q1) reached the ABC while 15.1% of the most active individuals (Q4) reached the triple target. In addition to physical activity, other important factors such as body mass index and medication use should also be considered as modifiable contributing factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".