Entrapment of Nickel in Ferrochrome Ash by Native Lysinibacilus sp Bacteria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nickel contamination in water is a significant environmental concern and causes several health effects such as allergies, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers in human beings. Ferrochrome ash is a fine dust generated as the waste from steel industry and pollutes the flow-through water by leaching nickel present in it. By providing a pre-disposal treatment of microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to ferrochrome ash, the nickel leaching can be substantially reduced. Bacteria secrete the urease enzyme that decides the rate of urea hydrolysis reaction and they are the nucleation sites for the precipitation of calcium carbonate in calcium rich environment. During MICP, calcium carbonate entraps the nickel present in the ash. As a result, the nickel cannot escape the ash matrix and hence do not pollute the contacting water. This was confirmed by the atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis (AAS) on leachates from treated and untreated ash. The analysis resulted in less nickel content from treated ash with highest treatment efficiency of 98% at LS 100. Results from SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TG implied that calcium carbonate developed in the ash due to MICP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".