Evaluating Multiple Magnet Ingestion at 2 Large Canadian Pediatric Hospitals After Reintroduction to the US Marketplace
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the trend in incidence of pediatric magnet ingestions at 2 large Canadian tertiary pediatric hospitals after reintroduction of magnets to the US marketplace and to evaluate morbidity and mortality related to these ingestions. METHODS: This was a retrospective study performed in 2 tertiary care pediatric hospitals between 2004 and 2019. We reviewed the charts of all children who presented with a foreign body ingestion and included those with reported magnet ingestion. We characterized all events and compared the incidence rate before and after the US ban was overturned in 2016. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize our results. Incidence rate ratio was calculated using the total number of magnet ingestion cases and total emergency department visits normalized to 100,000 emergency department visits/year. RESULTS: We screened a total of 6586 ingestions and identified 192 patients with magnet ingestions. The period after the mandatory recall was compared with the period after the US ban revocation yielding an incidence rate ratio of 0.76 for all magnet ingestions ( P = 0.15) and 0.73 ( P = 0.34) for multiple magnet ingestions. There was, however, a graphical upward trend that immediately followed the US ban revocation. Sixty-nine patients (36%) were admitted to the hospital and 45 (23%) required a procedure to remove the magnet ingested. No deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the overturning of the US ban did not lead to a significant increase in the incidence of rare earth magnet ingestion in 2 large tertiary pediatric hospitals in Canada despite noting a trend upwards.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".