CHARACTERIZATION OF CHRONIC PAIN IN WOMEN SUBMITTED TO BREAST CANCER TREATMENT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize chronic pain in women undergoing surgical treatment for breast cancer. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, hospital-based study. All breast cancer patients undergoing clinical follow-up at a referral hospital in central Brazil were screened. Women with chronic pain after surgical treatment of breast cancer, defined by the presence of pain after 3 months of surgery, were included in the study. The questionnaires were applied by the responsible researcher in the form of an interview, which took place in a dedicated office. The McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and the visual analog scale (VAS) were used. Results: In all, 99 patients were interviewed, of which 46 were included in the study. Most patients were between 50 and 59 years old (39.1%), were married (45.7%), were housewives (58.7%), and had completed high school (45.7%). Arterial hypertension was the most prevalent clinical comorbidity (41.3%), followed by diabetes mellitus (13.0%). A total of 45 (97.8%) patients underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, but 22 (47.8%) required axillary lymphadenectomy for some oncological reason; 35 (76.0%) patients underwent chemotherapy (neoadjuvant or adjuvant), and 40 underwent radiotherapy (87.0%). According to the VAS, the mean pain intensity was 5.5 (±2.6). Most patients reported worsening pain with movement, with 26 (52.2%) “sometimes”, and another 14 (30.4%) “always”. In the MPQ, there was a predominance of the sensory domain among the characteristics of chronic pain. Relaxation techniques (52.2%), stretching (50.0%) and deep breathing (47.8%) were the most mentioned therapeutic measures. Drug treatment was reported by 21 (45.7%) women and acupuncture by only one. Conclusion: In the analyzed population, chronic pain was observed with moderate intensity and with a predominance of sensitive characteristics according to the MPQ. The development of strategies for prevention, early diagnosis, and multidisciplinary treatment can help reduce chronic pain in breast cancer survivors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".