Effects of Season and Daylight Saving Time Shifts on Sleep Symptoms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There has been conflicting evidence regarding the association between seasonal changes and daylight-savings time and sleep disorders. This topic is of current particular interest, as the United States and Canada are considering the elimination of seasonal clock changes. The aim of this study is to compare sleep symptoms among participants who were interviewed in different seasons, and before/after the transition into daylight saving time (DST) and standard time (ST). Methods: 30,097 people aged 45–85 years taking part in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) were studied. Participants completed a questionnaire on sleep duration, satisfaction, sleep-onset insomnia, sleep-maintenance insomnia, and hypersomnolence symptoms. Sleep disorders were compared between participants who were interviewed during different seasons and at different times of the year (DST/ST). Data was analyzed using Chi Square, ANOVA, binary logistic, and linear regression tests. Results: Among participants interviewed in different seasons, we found no difference in dissatisfaction with sleep, sleep-onset, sleep-maintenance, and hypersomnolence. Those interviewed in summer had slightly shorter sleep duration compared to winter (6.76±1.2 vs. 6.84±1.3 hours). Participants interviewed one week before versus one week after DST transition showed no difference in sleep symptoms, except for a 9-minute decrease in sleep duration a week after transition. However, those who were interviewed a week after transition to ST compared to a week before reported more dissatisfaction with sleep (28% vs. 22.6%, adjusted odds ratio [95%CI]=1.34 [1.02,1.76]), higher sleep-onset insomnia (7.1% vs. 3.3%, AOR=2.26 [1.19,4.27]), higher sleep-maintenance insomnia (12.9% vs. 8.2%, AOR=1.64 [1.02,2.66]), and more hypersomnolence with adequate sleep (7.3% vs. 3.6%, AOR=2.08 [1.14,3.79]. Discussion: We found small seasonal variations in sleep duration but no difference in other sleep symptoms. The transition from DST to ST was associated with a transient increase in sleep disorders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".