Operational Success of Verbenone Against the Mountain Pine Beetle in a Rural Community
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pouches releasing verbenone, the antiaggregation pheromone of the mountain pine beetle, were stapled to 1191 lodgepole pines throughout 95 residential properties in four subdivisions at Lac le Jeune, British Columbia, in July 2005. Postflight assessment in October in three of the subdivisions, where almost all infested trees had been removed before beetle flight, revealed new mass attacks on 3.6% of 3857 available trees 17.5 cm or greater (7 in) dbh. In a fourth subdivision where no infested trees were removed, 19.6% of 634 available trees were mass-attacked. In contrast, 17.4% of 1145 available trees were mass-attacked within 25 m (27.5 yd) wide, verbenone-treated buffer strips on public forest land adjacent to the residential properties, and 48.3% of 4975 available trees were mass-attacked on untreated control areas beyond the buffer strips. We conclude that treatment with verbenone pouches at roughly 15 m (16.5 yd) centers is a useful tool for protecting trees from attack by the mountain pine beetle provided that verbenone is used as part of a multiyear integrated pest management program that also includes disposal of all infested trees on the area to be protected before beetle flight in midsummer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".