Linear well posedness of regularized equations of sea-ice dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The viscous–plastic equations (VPE) of Hibler [J. Geophys. Res. 82(27), 3932–3938 (1977)] are widely adopted and used in Earth system models to represent sea-ice drift due to surface winds, ocean currents, and internal stresses. However, it has been reported by various investigators, at least in one space dimension, that both Hibler’s original equations and their variant using a pressure replacement are ill posed in divergent flow regimes. Especially, Guba et al. [J. Phys. Oceanogr. 43(10), 2185–2199 (2013)] shows that both variants are ill-posed when the flow divergence exceeds a minimum threshold and their results seem to extend to two dimensions when a tensile cut-off is used. In particular, Hibler uses a Heaviside function cut-off for the viscosity coefficients of the VPE’s to avoid a singularity at infinity. Lemieux et al. [J. Comput. Phys. 231(17), 5926–5944 (2012)] regularized the Heaviside function by a hyperbolic tangent for numerical efficiency. Here, we show that, for periodic data, the linearized one-dimensional regularized VPE’s, in which the Heaviside function is replaced with a hyperbolic tangent, is well posed in the case of Hibler’s original equations. Moreover, we prove that the linearization procedure, for the regularized equations, is consistent, in the sense that the residual converges to zero that the perturbation of the solutions goes to zero, in suitable norms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".