Exploring methods for creation of Boron-vacancies in hexagonal Boron Nitride exfoliated from bulk crystal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Boron vacancies (VB${^-}$) in hexagonal boron-nitride (hBN) have sparked great interest in recent years, due to their electronic spin properties. Since hBN can be readily integrated into devices where it interfaces a huge variety of other 2D materials, boron vacancies may serve as a precise sensor which can be deployed at very close proximity to many important materials systems. Boron vacancy defects may be produced by a number of existing methods, the use of which may depend on the final application. Any method should reproducibly generate defects with controlled density and desired pattern. To date, however, detailed studies of such methods are missing. In this paper we study various techniques, focused ion beam (FIB), electron irradiation and ion implantation, for the preparation of hBN flakes from bulk crystals, and relevant post-processing treatments to create VB${^-}$s as a function of flake thickness and defect concentrations. We find that flake thickness plays an important role when optimising implantation parameters, while careful sample cleaning proved important to achieve best results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".