RETRACTED: Examination of bio convection with nanoparticles containing microorganisms under the influence of magnetism fields on vertical sheets by five-order Runge-Kutta method
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Post-publication record
- Nature
- Retraction
- Reason
- Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;
- Date
- 3/25/2025 0:00
- Flagged by OpenAlex?
- Yes
Source: Retraction Watch, joined by DOI. OpenAlex records retraction as is_retracted, a boolean over a state space with at least four values, so it cannot express an expression of concern, a correction or a reinstatement — it reports them as false, which reads as “fine”.
Abstract
In this paper, we analyzed vertical bio convection in nanofluids containing microorganisms. The novelty of this article is the numerical and analytical investigation of magnetic flow, radiation heat transfer, and viscous dissipation on bio convective fluid flow using the Five-order Runge-Kutta technique. Utilizing similitude parameters, determined ODE (ordinary differential equation) equations from partial differential equations for continuity, momentum, energy, and nanofluid concentration. Five-order Runge-Kutta was then used to solve the equations. The results show that it has a more significant influence on and then and. In addition, it exerts a force on neighboring particles, which causes them to shift from a hot zone to a great region. The density of microorganisms inside a part rises as it grows; when Le rises and Ha remains the same, x(ξ) falls, and When Ha rises, and Le remains the same, x(ξ) fall.
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The record
- Venue
- Heliyon
- Topic
- Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer
- Field
- Engineering
- Canadian institutions
- —
- Funders
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of AlbertaBabol Noshirvani University of Technology
- Keywords
- NanofluidRunge–Kutta methodsMechanicsOrdinary differential equationConvectionFlow (mathematics)OdePartial differential equationBuoyancyNatural convectionPhysicsDifferential equationClassical mechanicsHeat transferMathematicsMathematical analysis
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes