Bibliographic record
Abstract
administrative decentralization 28 administrative effectiveness in tax system, Spain 214-15 Advisory Council on Fiscal Imbalance, Canada 133 affordability, and natural resources 127 Agencia Estatal de Administración (AEAT), Spain 213-14 income tax information 221-2 tax administration, Spain 215 wealth taxes 218 Agència Tributària de Catalunya (ATC) 237 air travel 42 Álava, Spain 219 Alberta, Canada 121 sales tax 180 alcohol tax 43, 96, 100 Allied High Commission, Germany 207 alternatives for using VAT 97 Andalucia 154 information technology use 216 Andalucia Statute of Autonomy 228, 229 anti-fraud policies 235 assets 130-31 Asturias, information technology use 216 Atlantic Canada, provinces 171 auditing 212, 217 structures, different 206 Auditor General of Canada 175 Australian Commonwealth Grants Commission 149 Austria, federal structure 86 autonomic competition 78 autonomic financing, Spain 74, 85 autonomic tax agency 104 Autonomous Communities (ACs), Spain 3, 74, 147 financing 7-15, 209 system, reform 224-6 powers 4 tax administration, Spain 215, 217 taxes 9-13 treasury offices 93-4 autonomous financing, weak points 15-21 autonomous taxes, ceded 82 autonomy of regions in Spain 4 autonomy to set tax rates 33, 34 balanced distribution of income 85 Balearic Islands 4, 91, 154, 156 information technology use 216 self-sufficiency 76 'basket of taxes' 85 Basque Country 7, 79, 160, 223 Bavaria 193, 197 tax administration 198-9 wages tax 203 'benefit taxes' 38, 39 Berlin 199 betterment levies 41 betting taxes 91 bonded taxes, Germany 196 border adjustment between countries 47, 86 Brazil, sub-national VAT 46 Budget (2006) of Government of Canada 187 budget for tax administration, Germany 201 Budget, Restoring Fiscal Balance in Canada 187 budget revenue 76 buoyancy potential of consumption tax 85 business taxation, Germany
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.866 | 0.782 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".