Bibliographic record
Abstract
An idealised notion of antiquity informed the construction of Modern Greece. Archaeology’s objective was to materialise the western classical heritage by freeing it up from medieval accretions. Neoclassicism’s perspective of a single golden period came into increasing conflict with a diachronic sense of history developed by British medievalists. The ideal of layered accumulation articulated by John Ruskin, the ethos of imperfect craft practiced by the Arts and Crafts Movement, and the preservation principles developed by the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings conspired against the classical heritage. Impure Venice symbolised the foil to pure Athens. The architects of the Byzantine Research and Publication Fund brought the ethics of Venice to a hostile Athens. The medieval house, which had been indiscriminately destroyed by archaeologists, needed to be rehabilitated by fresh domestic research. In 1909, Walter S. George’s surveyed three houses at medieval Mistras, while working for the British excavations in nearby Sparta. George’s unpublished drawings illustrate a departure from French and Greek scholarship on the site. Combining the Ruskinian ideals of his mentor W.R. Lethaby with new stratigraphic lessons learned in Sparta, George developed a critical voice in medieval archaeology. This voice is also evident in Ramsay Traquair, who pioneered the study of vernacular architecture in Canada after his experiences with the Byzantine Research and Publication Fund. Rhys Carpenter, director of the American School in Athens, applied this critical voice in the excavation of medieval Corinth. Ruskin had little impact in Greek intellectual circles until the 1930s. His shadow, however, seems to have been already cast a generation earlier through the prominence that British architects placed on the medieval house.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".