The Oxford Handbook of World War II
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The thirty-three chapters making up the Oxford Handbook on World War II offer new insights into the global nature of this conflict. This volume builds upon a generation of scholarship that has broken free of the Cold War prism that had dominated the first half century of historical accounts of World War II. Scholars from Australia, Canada, England, Japan, the United States, and Wales offer internationalist and comparative perspectives exploring the origins and the course of the war. Both the war against Ethiopia and the Spanish Civil War are paired together. Several chapters examine the rise of Imperial Japan and Nazi Germany in tandem. In considering the Battle of Britain, Andrew Stewart integrates the pivotal role of the Empire in the struggle against Nazi Germany. The land war in Asia and in the Pacific War both receive extensive coverage. Neville Wylie's examination of the impact of the war on neutral nations suggests that the war impacted every society, even those who avoided belligerency. Regions such as Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa also receive treatment. Contributors weigh in on such major debates as the ideology of fascism and communism, the nature of Blitzkrieg war, the effectiveness and morality of the air war, and the Allied response to the Holocaust. Thematic essays on civilian societies, science and technology, medicine, and culture expound on the far-reaching changes stemming from the war. The aftermath and legacy of the war are given due weight including the creation of a new post-war world order, the efforts to hold German and Japanese war criminals accountable, and the memory of this conflict.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.085 | 0.023 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".